實現了Java web開發賬號單一登錄的功能,防止同一賬號重復登錄,后面登錄的踢掉前面登錄的,使用過濾器Filter實現的。可以先下載項目下來測試下效果。
有博客寫的是沒個一段時間(比如500ms)讀取后臺的session進行驗證,這種方法除了會占用資源,還會出現訪問session(請求1)的返回值和自己提交請求(請求2)的返回值發生沖突。比如請求1先提交,此時請求1的返回值還未返回到前端,請求2提交,實際上我們想要的是請求1的返回值先返回,然后再返回請求2的返回值,但是這不是肯定會發生的,ajax的機制所導致的,具體什么原因沒查到。總之出現了請求2先返回了返回值,這時候請求1接收到了請求2的返回值,妥妥的前端出現錯誤,但是后臺卻是成功的。
還有寫的使用seesion監聽器來實現,但是session過濾器只能用來監聽session的改變(創建、修改、銷毀等),如果有重復用戶登錄,只能保證清除掉前面用戶的session,是無法通過監聽器來控制前端進行頁面跳轉等操作的。
下面進入主題
工程下載鏈接: 鏈接
提取碼:zngv
其中:jquery-1.11.3.js是網上的工具
建立兩個簡單的界面
登錄界面:為了簡單沒有設置密碼,直接輸入賬號點擊登錄就行
// index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
<input id="username" name="username" type="text">
<!-- <a href="singlecount.jsp" target="_self"> -->
<button id="btnlogin" name="btnlogin">登錄</button><!-- </a> -->
<!-- 引入jQuery -->
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-1.11.3.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jsSubmit.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
主頁面:簡單的一個提交按鈕
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'SingleCount.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
已登錄. <br>
<button id="btnsubmit" name="submit">提交</button>
<!-- 引入jQuery -->
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-1.11.3.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jsSubmit.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
寫ajax,向后臺提交請求
// jsSubmit.js
$(document).ready(function() {
// 登錄按鈕
$("#btnlogin").click(function() {
//data,dataType,type,url
$.ajax({
url: 'LoginServlet?method=login',
type: 'post',
data: {username: $("input[name='username']").val()}, // 將用戶名傳給servlet
//dataType:'json',
success: function(msg) { // msg為從servlet接收到的返回值
if (msg == 1) { // 接收到后臺數據為1,正常登錄
window.location.href = "singlecount.jsp";
}
},
error:function(){
window.alert("錯誤!");
}
});
});
// 提交按鈕
$("#btnsubmit").click(function() {
//data,dataType,type,url
$.ajax({
url: 'SubmitServlet?method=submit',
type: 'post',
//dataType:'json',
success: function(msg) { // msg為從servlet接收到的返回值
if (msg >= 1) { // 正常
window.alert("提交總數" + msg);
}
},
error:function(jqXHR){
if(jqXHR.status == 900){ // 900狀態碼
window.alert("登錄狀態失效,請重新登錄!");
window.location.href = "/OneLogin";
}
}
});
});
});
servlet
這部分有點長,其實主要內容直接看doPost方法就可以了。
// LoginServlet
package servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
//注解表明什么樣的情況下可以訪問該內容
@WebServlet(urlPatterns={"/LoginServlet"})
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
private PrintWriter out; // 輸出流
private String user;
private String method;
private HttpSession session;
// 建立一個Map存儲session信息,key-用戶名,value-session
public static Map<String, HttpSession> user_Session = new HashMap<String, HttpSession>();
@Override
public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.init(config);
}
@Override
protected void doDelete(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.doDelete(req, resp);
}
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
doPost(req, resp);
}
@Override
// 在這里實現方法
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
resp.setContentType("text/html");
//語言編碼
req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
out = resp.getWriter();
user = req.getParameter("username"); // 獲取index界面username的內容
method = req.getParameter("method"); // 獲取方法名
session = req.getSession(); // 獲取session
switch (method) {
case "login":
mLogin();
break;
default:
break;
}
out.flush();
out.close();
}
private void mLogin() { // 按登錄按鈕調用的方法
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
removeUser(user);
session.setAttribute("name", user);
user_Session.put(user, session); // 新增或覆蓋session
System.out.println(user_Session);
out.println(1); // 返回值1,隨意選個值,和前端對應就可以
}
/**
* 判斷是否有重復用戶,
* 若出現重復用戶,踢掉前面登錄的用戶,即刪除其session
*/
private void removeUser(String user) {
if(user_Session.containsKey(user))
user_Session.get(user).invalidate();
}
}
// SubmitServlet
package servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
//注解表明什么樣的情況下可以訪問該內容 會在js和web.xml中使用
@WebServlet(urlPatterns={"/SubmitServlet"})
public class SubmitServlet extends HttpServlet {
private PrintWriter out; // 輸出流
private String method;
private int number = 0; // 計數
@Override
public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.init(config);
}
@Override
protected void doDelete(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.doDelete(req, resp);
}
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub
doPost(req, resp);
}
@Override
// 在這里實現方法
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
resp.setContentType("text/html");
//語言編碼
req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
out = resp.getWriter();
method = req.getParameter("method"); // 獲取方法名
switch (method) {
case "submit":
mSubmit();
break;
default:
break;
}
out.flush();
out.close();
}
private void mSubmit() { // 按提交按鈕調用的方法
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
number++;
out.println(number);
}
}
過濾器
過濾器的原理這里就不說了,簡單來說就是請求要先經過過濾器才能到達servlet,也就是說如果請求不滿足要求就無法通過過濾器,這里的要求是要有session。
package filter;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
@WebFilter("/SessionFilter")
public class SessionFilter implements Filter {
@Override
public void destroy() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest arg0, ServletResponse arg1, FilterChain arg2)
throws IOException, ServletException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) arg0;
HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) arg1;
String strURL = request.getRequestURL().toString(); // 獲取請求路徑
// System.out.println(strURL);
// 只過濾來自SubmitServlet請求和singlecount.jsp的加載,可以設置成自己想過濾的
// 需要在web.xml中添加
if(strURL.indexOf("SubmitServlet") != -1 || strURL.indexOf("singlecount.jsp") != -1){
if(request.getSession().getAttribute("name") == null){
request.getSession().invalidate();
response.sendError(900, "登錄失效,請重新登錄!"); // 自定義狀態碼,session失效
// 900 到ajax的error中處理
return;
}
else {
arg2.doFilter(arg0, arg1);
}
}
else {
arg2.doFilter(arg0, arg1);
}
}
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
}
配置web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
<display-name>OneLogin</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<filter>
<filter-name>filter.SessionFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>filter.SessionFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>filter.SessionFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/singlecount.jsp</url-pattern> <!-- 給界面添加過濾器 -->
</filter-mapping>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>filter.SessionFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/SubmitServlet</url-pattern> <!-- 給servlet添加過濾器 -->
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
實現效果
可以使用兩個不同的瀏覽器當兩個客戶端,或者電腦多就用多臺電腦。
相同賬號登錄時,前面賬號再點提交請求就會給出提示,跳轉到登錄界面
未登錄直接進入::8080//.jsp
如果也想實現跳轉效果,在.js的$().ready(() {…}); 前面加入是否有session的判斷,沒有就給出提示,跳轉到登錄界面。
以上,歡迎大佬們批評指正。
*請認真填寫需求信息,我們會在24小時內與您取得聯系。